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Table 4. Definitions of Hazard, Vulnerability, and Risk Definitions

UN/GA 71/644 (2016)

EMAP Standard (2019)

ISO 22300 Vocabulary (2021)

Hazard

“A process, phenomenon or human activity that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation” (pg. 5).

“Something that has the potential to be the primary cause of an incident” (pg. 4).

“Source of potential harm. Note: Hazard can be a risk source” (pg. 14).

Vulnerability

“The conditions determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors or processes which increase the susceptibility of an individual, a community, assets or systems to the impacts of hazards” (pg. 24).

Not defined.

Vulnerability analysis: “process of identifying and quantifying something that creates susceptibility to a source of risk that can lead to a consequence” (pg. 37).


C
ommunity vulnerability: “characteristics and conditions of individuals, groups or infrastructures that put them at risk for the destructive effects of a hazard” (pg. 6).

Disaster Risk

“The potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets which could occur to a system, society or a community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and capacity” (pg. 14).

Not defined.

Risk: “effect of uncertainty on objectives” (pg. 27).

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