47 Accessibility Fail

Pressbooks

• An online book publishing platform
• Let’s you create a book in all the formats you need to publish
• Delivers print-ready files
• Optimized to look great on various platforms:
  • PDF
  • EPUB (iOS Devices)
  • MOBI (Amazon Kindle)
  • XHTML
  • etc…

OER

• OER = FREE + PERMISSIONS
• OER (Open Educational Resources) are free teaching and learning materials, licensed to allow for revision and ruse.
• Full self-contained
  • Textbook
  • Videos
  • Quizzes
  • Learning modules and more…

Common Disabilities

• Vision Impairment
• Deaf or hard of hearing
• Mental Health Conditions
• Intellectual Disability
• Acquired Brain Injury
• Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Physical Disability

Benefits for Everyone!!

Improve student engagement and success; Provide immediate, equitable access to resources; Save money for students; Provide a venue to use flexible, high quality learning materials in an individual curriculum

Bonus Features?

• Equitable Use
• Flexibility in Use
• Simple and Intuitive Use
• Perceptible Information
• Tolerance for Error
• Low Physical Effort
• Size and Space for approach and use

Universal Design

• Many students have hearing, physical, cognitive, and/or sensory disabilities that impact the ways in which they learn
• One-size-fits-all fail to account for this learner diversity
• Alternatively, classroom materials can be designed and developed in ways to make them inherently accessible
• Universal Design means a concept/philosophy for designing and developing product and services that are directly useable

WAVE

• Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool
• Complete accessibility evaluation
• Analyze page for inaccessible content
• Can scan for
  • Misleading Header
  • Alt-text pictures
  • Inaccessible buttons
  • Broken Links

WCAG

• Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
• Master list of Requirements
• Accessibility references during the evaluation
• Guidelines for current accessibility standards
• WCAG ensures that the web content is accessible to all
  • Natural information such as text, images, and sounds
  • Code or markup that defines structure, presentation, etc.

Evaluation Criteria

• Content Organization
• Images
• Tables
• Hyperlinks
• Multimedia
• Formulas
• Font
• Color Contrast

Content Organization

• Simple organizational structure for easy navigation
• Headings and Titles – Inserted with specific heading mark up <h1>
• Table of Contents – In-book links connecting to the chapters
• Working page numbers – Ordered chapters and page number on every page
• Reading layout and order – Logically ordered chapters easily read by screen readers

Images

• Non-decorative/Informational images marked with alt-text providing necessary information
• Decorative images marked “null”
• Complex images have descriptions – images like graphs, charts, formulas
• Compatibility with Magnification and Color Contrast – Image accessible under all color overlays

Tables

• Simple tables compatible with Assistive Technology
• Clearly labeled table with tile and rows and columns
• Information inserted as an ordered list.
• Select and Speak function available
• Table magnification with AT
• Zoom maintains structure during text re-flow
• Supports color overlays and with high/low contrast screens

This is a layout table.

Hyperlink

• Hyperlinks throughout the chapter connect to an outside web-page or a location
• Visible and accessible to students using screen readers
• Link can connect to a:
  • page
  • chapter
  • image
  • table
  • videos
• Descriptive links: distinct from body text
• Underlined and different color
• Click here
• Go to this link: https://pressbooks.com/

Multimedia

• Open and closed captions provided for all video content
• Screen reader provide a complete transcription of multimedia content
• Player presenting the video is compatible with all screen readers and zoom modifications
• No flickering content present in the text

Formulas

• Formulas throughout the text are used for Math and Engineering books
• STEM formulas and equations are created with a compatible equation editor, like LaTeX, to ensure accessibility
• Formulas recognized by screen readers
• Formulas inserted as images must have an alternative tag

Font

• All body and header font compatible with AT and user friendly
• Text should be re-sizable and compatible with re-flow
• Font style and background color should be adjustable
• All text compatible with gray-scale and high/low contrast screens
• Font compatible with screen readers and “select and speak” function
• Zoom capabilities up to 200%
• 12 point for body text and 9 point for footnotes, as described by WCAG

Color Contrast

• Color contrast refers to the hue, lightness and saturation of text, images, and background
• Contrast ratio in text compatible for students viewing it via screen readers
• All information presented with color have a text description for easy accessibility
• Contrast for headers and text pass WCAG standards