Image Credits

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Unless noted below, all figures used in the text are the intellectual property of the content creators and are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

Chapter 1

• Figure 1.1: Three pillars of sustainability by  Neyda Abreu is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 1.2: World Oil Production- History and Projections by Tom Ruen is under the Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons
• Figure 1.3: Freeway Traffic by User Minesweeper via Wikimedia Commons is under the following Creative Commons license: CC-BY-SA-3.0 

Chapter 2

• Figure 2.1: “Bending the Curve: Climate Change Solutions” by Ramanathan et al. (2019) and reproduced from the Scripps CO2 Program from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 2.2: “Change in Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Different Sectors in the United States during 1990- 2023” by Shams Tanvir using data from the EPA is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 2.3: “Air pollution emissions yearly trends” by Ramanathan et al. (2019) and adapted from US Environmental Protection Agency 2019 is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 2.4: “California tailpipe HC performance standards for new light duty vehicle” by Ramanathan et al. (2019) is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 2.5: “CO₂ emissions, in grams per mile, for a representative database of passenger vehicle trips in Southern California” by Ramanathan et al. (2019) is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 2.6: “Emission-speed plot of individual trips or trip segments” by Ramanathan et al. (2019) is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 2.7: “Possible use of traffic operation strategies in reducing on-road CO₂ emissions” by Ramanathan et al. (2019) is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 2.8: “General approach for calculating GHG emissions from transportation” by Ramanathan et al. (2019) is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Chapter 3

• Figure 3.1: Sharrow on US1 in West Palm Beach by Michael Rivera is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-SA 4.0
• Figure 3.2: Bike route along California State Highway 35 by Robert Ashworth is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY 2.0
• Figure 3.3: Bike lane on Pleasant Valley Parkway, Providence RI by Kenneth C. Zirkel is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-SA 4.0
• Figure 3.4: Bike route sign with directional information by Richard Drdul is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-SA 2.0
• Figure 3.5: Pandora cycle track 4 by Richard Drdul is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-SA 2.0
• Figure 3.6: Protected intersection features by Pierre Rouzeau via Wikimedia Commons is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-SA 4.0

Chapter 5

• Figure 5.1: Bending the Curve: Climate Change Solutions by Ramanathan, V., Aines, R., Auffhammer, M., Barth, M., Cole, J., Forman, F., et al. is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 5.2: Average passenger car GHG emissions normalized by distance traveled for different regions by Ramanathan et al. (2019) is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 5.3: The number of electric vehicles (EVs) being introduced for different regions is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 5.4: Fuel utilization for the US transportation market, 2018 is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Table 5.1: Greenhouse Gas Emissions per Kilometer, relative to Gasoline-Powered Internal Combustion Engines, Full Energy Cycle by Ramanathan, V., Aines, R., Auffhammer, M., Barth, M., Cole, J., Forman, F., et al. is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 5.5: Modules of integrated traffic simulation and emission estimation. Produced with permission from the author Tanvir (2018).

Chapter 6

• Figure 6.1: Los Angeles 1943: Degraded Unraban Air Quality  by Ramanathan et al is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 6.2: Combustion by  Ramanathan is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 6.3: Combustion Impacts by Ramanathan et al is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 6.4: Power Generation Options  by Ramanathan is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 6.5: Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector for 2016 by Analy Castillo is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 6.6: Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Transportation Sector in California by Analy Casillo is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Chapter 7

• Figure 7.1: Conductive Charging- AC by Electric Cars: Technology Electric Cars: Technology is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 7.2: Conductive Charging- DC by Electric Cars: Technology is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 7.3: Inductive Charging- Static by Electric Cars: Technology is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 7.4: Inductive Charging- Dynamic by Electric Cars: Technology is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Table 7.1 is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 7.5: AC Charging Operations by Electric Cars: Technology is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Table 7.2: Summary of Common Level 1 to Level 4 Charging Facilities in North America is licensed under CC BY 4.0

Chapter 8

• Table 8.1: Intelligent transportation system applications utilizing connected and automated vehicle technology from “Bending the Curve: Climate Change Solutions” by Ramanathan et al. is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
• Figure 8.1: Potential energy/emissions impacts of automated technology from “Bending the Curve: Climate Change Solutions” by Ramanathan et al. is under the following Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Chapter 9

• Figure 9.1: A Systems Approach to Urban Distribution from Sustainable Urban Freight Transport: a Global Perspective by through TU Delft OpenCourseWare is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike 
• Table 9.1: Overview of main actions public administrators can perform and potential reactions from the private sector is adapted from Muñuzuri et al. 2005) [Adapted from Van Duin et al. (2019)]