Derivative Notes

Main Sources

The primary source for this textbook was:

• DeCarlo, M., Cummings, C., & Agnelli, K. (2020). Graduate research methods in Social Work: A project-based approach. https://pressbooks.rampages.us/msw-research/

In addition, there were three other main sources:

• Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Social science research: Principles, methods, and practices. Textbook Collections.  http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3
• Dudley, M. (2019). Research methods in psychology. https://www.oercommons.org/authoring/51456-research-methods-in-psychology. [[note x-ref to https://kpu.pressbooks.pub/psychmethods4e/ and figure out which is original or if they are same/similar]]
• Mauldin, R. L. (2019). Foundations of social work research. Mavs Open Press. https://uta.pressbooks.pub/foundationsofsocialworkresearch/

General Revisions

Throughout the DeCarlo et al. (2020) original source textbook, we edited typographical and grammatical errors, clarified language, removed some first person language and content (specifically as it applied to Dr. DeCarlo’s teaching and social work experiences), removed content related to MSW student research projects and experiences, and made other minor changes to content.

We also added pre-awareness checks added to Learning Objective sections and post-awareness checks to the Key Takeaway sections in most, if not all, chapters. The exercises sections were revised to differentiate between students who were in classes that assigned research proposals to students (Track 1) and those who were not (Track 2). The Track 1 exercises were originally in DeCarlo et al. The Track 2 exercises were newly written by The Research Methods Consortium for this textbook. 

Specific Chapter Derivatives

Chapter 1-  Science and Social Work

• Used most of DeCarlo et al. Chapter 1 except large portions of 1.3 Evidence Based Practice section and all of 1.4 Student Anxieties and BelCCefs about Research
• Parts of 1.4 (Exploratory Research, Descriptive Research, and Explanatory Research) come from a portion of DeCarlo et al. Chapter 2.2
• The Research Methods Consortium created Table 1.1; The Role of Social Work Scholars in Informing Social Work Practice in 1.1; and Limitations to Intuition and Practice Wisdom in 1.3.

Chapter 2- Practicalities of Conducting Research

• Section 2.1 includes most of DeCarlo et al, Chapter 2, Section 2.3 except for portions of section “Knowledge, Competence, and Skills”
• Section 2.1 also includes new content created by The Research Methods Consortium as follows:
  • Introductory paragraph for Section 2.1
  • Table 2.1, “Components of the Research Process”
  • Substantial additions to the Feasibility section
• Section 2.2 content is from DeCarlo et al. 2.4
• Section 2.3 content is from portions of DeCarlo et al. 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, and 19.3, with introductory and transition sentences added by The Research Methods Consortium as needed, and new content on qualitative data management and analysis written by The Research Methods Consortium
• Section 2.4 content is from DeCarlo et al. 2.5
• Exercise for Track 1 came from DeCarlo et al. Chapter 14

Chapter 3 – Research Ethics

• Section 3.1 came from
  • From DeCarlo et al. 6.1
  • In addition, just before The Belmont Report) comes from a portion of Dudley 4.1 (Included content related to the Tuskegee Syphilis Study) == OR WRITTEN BY TRMC, double check this ===
• Section 3.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 6.2
  • Internet research subsection comes from Mauldin 3.2
  • Information at the end of the section on research with client groups came from DeCarlo et al. 10.1
• Section 3.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 6.3

Chapter 4 – Reasoning and Causality

Most of Chapter 4 derived from DeCarlo et al Chapter 8. Edits were made to distinguish between nomothetic explanations and nomothetic causality and a separate section was created for nomothetic causality.

• Content for 4.1 came from DeCarlo et al.  8.1
• Content for 4.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 8.2 except for causality subsections
• Content for 4.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 8.2 information related to causality
  • A new example for variables that do not covary added by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 4.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 8.3
• Content for 4.5 came from DeCarlo et al 8.4

Chapter 5- Theory and Paradigm

• Content for 5.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 7.1
• Content for 5.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 7.2
• Content for 5.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 7.3
  • Table 5.2 was added with the permission of the author:  Syed, M. (2020, September). What the Heck is Post-Positivism?. Get Syeducated. http://getsyeducated.blogspot.com/2020/09/what-heck-is-post-positivism.html
• Content for 5.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 7.4
• Content for 5.5 came from DeCarlo et al. 7.5

Chapter 6 – Searching the Literature and Critical Information Literacy

• Section 6.1 was newly written by The Research Consortium
• Section 6.2 includes new introductory paragraphs created by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 6.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 3.2
• Content for 6.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 3.1 and DeCarlo et al. 4.1 except for various content (e.g., “Getting through the paywalls.” “sources other than journal articles,” “investigate the sources,” “find better coverage,” “Trace claims…,” “reflect and plan for the future,” “The SIFT method”).
• Content for 6.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 4.2 except “read literature reviews”
• Content for 6.54 came from DeCarlo et al. 4.3

Chapter 7 – Understanding the Results of Empirical Articles

• Content for 7.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 5.1
• Content for 7.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 5.1 and from original content written by The Research Methods Consortium

Chapter 8 – Writing a Literature Review

• Content for 8.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 5.2 and DeCarlo et al. Chapter 2.1 (“How to Create a Concept Map” video and 2.1 Exercises)
• Content for 8.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 5.3

Chapter 9 – Writing a research question

• Content for 9.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 9.1
• Content for 9.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 9.2
• Content for 9.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 9.3
• Content for 9.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 9.4
• Content for 9.5 came from DeCarlo et al. 9.5

Chapter 10- Quantitative measurement

• Content for 10.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 11.1
  • The section “Where does measurement fit in the process of designing research” and Table 10.1 were created by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 10.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 11.1 (“Observing variables” subsection was renamed “Categories of Concepts”) and new material on reification added by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 10.3 came from DeCarlo et al.  11.2
• Some content for 10.4 came from DeCarlo et al., but was substantially rewritten and expanded by The Research Methods Consortium
  • Sensitivity, specificity, predictive value subsection was added (written by The Research Methods Consortium)
  • Figure 10.3 came from Mauldin, 2019, Section 5.5, Figure 5.2
• Some content for 10.5 came from DeCarlo et al.  11.3, with substantial additions:
  • The section titled “Convergent and discriminant validity” came from Bhattacherjee, 2012, Chapter 7
  • The Research Methods Consortium created Construct validity, and Factorial validity sections.
  • The discriminant validity example from the dialysis social worker was written by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 10.8 came from DeCarlo et al. 11.4 with new content created by The Research Methods Consortium for “A place to start: Stop oversimplifying race.”

Chapter 11- Sampling

• Most Content for 11.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 10.1
  • replaced one paragraph about sampling documents with new material written by Lacey Jenkins of The Research Consortium
  • Paragraph under “Choosing a sample from the sampling frame” came from Bhattacherjee, 2012, Chapter 8
• Content for 11.2 came from:
  • DeCarlo et al. 10.2  (portions of the introduction and Convenience/Availability sampling)
  • Bhattacherjee, 2012, Chapter 8 (portions of the introduction, Convenience/Availability sampling, Quota sampling, and one sentence in Snowball sampling
  • The remaining portions were written by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 11.3 came from:
  • DeCarlo et al.  10.2
  • Bhattacherjee, 2012, Chapter 8
  • Drag and Drop activity was created by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 11.4 came from DeCarlo et al.  10.3
• Content for 11.5 came from DeCarlo et al.  10.3

Chapter 12- Survey design

• Content for 12.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 12.1
• Content for 12.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 12.2
• Content for 12.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 12.4
  • Two new subsections were written The Research Consortium: (1) Response Rate and (2) Common Response Bias

Chapter 13 – Writing effective survey questions and questionnaires

• Content for 13.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 12.3 and 11.2

Chapter 14 – Experimental design

• Content for 14.1 came from Mauldin 8.3 (The Logic of Experimental Design) and parts from De Carlo 13.1
  • Sections of 14.1 were written by The Research Methods Consortium
  • Table 14.1 was created by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 14.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 13.2
  • Additional material regarding the difference between random sampling and random assignment came from Price, P. C. (2012), Psychology Research Methods: Core Skills and Concepts (v. 1.0), Section 6.2 “Experimental Design”
  • Additional material regarding practice effects added by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 14.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 13.4
  • Propensity scoring was written The Research Methods Consortium.
• Content for 14.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 13.5
  • Figure 14.9 was adapted by The Research Methods Consortium from DeCarlo et al. Figure 13.7
• Content for 14.5, Threats to internal validity, was written The Research Methods Consortium.
  • Table XX, Common Threats to Internal Validity, came from Jenkins-Smith et al., Quantitative Research Methods for Political Science, Public Policy and Public Administration: 4th Edition with Applications in R, Section 2.4
• Content for 14.6 came from DeCarlo et al. 13.6

Chapter 15- Single-Systems Design

• Content for 15.1 came from Mauldin, 11.2 with supplemental content written by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 15.2 came from Jhangiani, et al., Research Methods in Psychology, Chapter 45 and Mauldin, 11.2
• Content for 15.3 was written by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 15.4 came from Jhangiani, et al., Research Methods in Psychology, Chapter 45
• Content for 15.5 was written by The Research Methods Consortium, came from Jhangiani, et al., Research Methods in Psychology, Chapter 45 and 46

Chapter 16 – Intro to Qualitative Research

• Content for 16.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 19.1

Chapter 17 – Qualitative Data Collection

• Content for 17.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 18.1
• Content for 17.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 18.2
• Content for 17.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 18.3
• Content for 17.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 18.4
• Content for 17.5 came from DeCarlo et al. 18.5
• Content for 17.6 came from DeCarlo et al. 18.6
• Content for 17.7 came from DeCarlo et al. 18.7

Chapter 18 – Approaches to Qualitative Data Analysis

• Content for 18.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 19.2
• Content for 18.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 19.3
• Content for 18.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 19.4
• Content for 18.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 19.5
• Content for 18.5 came from DeCarlo et al. 19.6
• Content for 18.6 came from DeCarlo et al. 19.7

Chapter 19 – Specific Qualitative Methods

• Content for 19.1 came from
• Content for 19.2 came from
• Content for 19.3 came from
• Content for 19.4 came from
• Content for 19.5 came from
• Content for 19.6 came from
• Content for 19.7 came from

Chapter 20 – Quality in Qualitative Studies: Rigor in Research Design

• Content for 20.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 20.1
• Content for 20.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 20.2
• Content for 20.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 20.3
• Content for 20.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 20.4
• Content for 20.5 came from DeCarlo et al. 20.5
• Content for 20.6 came from DeCarlo et al. 20.6

Chapter 21 – Sharing Research Results

• Content for 21.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 21.1 and 24.1
• Content for 21.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 24.2
• Content for 21.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 24.2 and 16.2, and new content in this section was written by The Research Methods Consortium
• Content for 21.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 24.3
• Content for 21.5 came from DeCarlo et al. 24.5

Chapter 22 – Unique Features of Disseminating Qualitative Research Findings

• Content for 22.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 21.1 and 21.2
• Content for 22.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 21.3
• Content for 22.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 21.4

Chapter 23 – Program Evaluation

• Content for 23.1 came from DeCarlo et al. 23.1
• Content for 23.2 came from DeCarlo et al. 23.2
• Content for 23.3 came from DeCarlo et al. 23.3
• Content for 23.4 came from DeCarlo et al. 23.4
• Content for 23.5 came from DeCarlo et al. 23.5